Determinantes da produtividade: uma resenha da literatura com algumas reflexões para a economia brasileira

Abstract

Based on a review of the literature, this article examines the main elements that influence the economy’s productivity, emphasizing how Brazil is placed in relation to these vectors of economic dynamism. We highlight the growing relevance of intangibles, in particular, the investment in research and development (R&D) and the proper management methods, discussing mechanisms of absorption and diffusion of new technologies and processes, as the international trade and the foreign direct investment (FDI). Other fundamental factors to boost productivity are a suitable infrastructure and a regulatory environment propitious to competition, an essential element to foster innovation, as well as increasing the share of the most efficient firms in the economy.